No, that requires way too much micro-management.
You WANT the other buildings in the circle to auto-upgrade, because they will remain. The building in the center you DON'T want, though.
Another example for me is the Colony Hospital. Many times, I don't want to upgrade it to a Medical Center, because the time it takes to do so is time I could be having the planet do other things (and, I've already grown to the max the planet pop will go by then). I'd like to mark just that building for NO UPGRADE, while having the rest of the planet always update.
I'd be happy if, when I go to a planet, cancel a upgrade on a building, it just DIDN'T UPGRADE that building. But nooooooo, next turn, it will automatically try to upgrade it again.