1. Give them the ability to move, with upgradeable engines
2. Give them some ability to conduct long range "artillery" strikes, on enemy fleets (and an ability to set on overwatch and automatically fire on incoming enemies)
Yikes, both of those seem WAY too powerful!
- Moving starbase = slow moving assault ship you can move into enemy ZOC.
- Artillery strikes + the upgrade that slows enemy ships in range would make a military starbase very difficult/expensive to take out. And all it costs is a few constructors? That's rough.
Personally, I'd like to see active defense of planets in the starbase AOC. That would make them enough of a target: the enemy would have to attack the SB first and possibly lose a few ships. If you station several ships at the SB, that'd be one tough nut to crack.